Bash
Introduction
This is a quick reference to getting started with Bash scripting.
Parameter expansions
Basics
Basics
name="John"
echo ${name}
echo ${name/J/j} #=> "john" (substitution)
echo ${name:0:2} #=> "Jo" (slicing)
echo ${name::2} #=> "Jo" (slicing)
echo ${name::-1} #=> "Joh" (slicing)
echo ${name:(-1)} #=> "n" (slicing from right)
echo ${name:(-2):1} #=> "h" (slicing from right)
echo ${food:-Cake} #=> $food or "Cake"
length=2
echo ${name:0:length} #=> "Jo"